Categories
History

1896 Detroit Bike Club: Making a Statement?

The Detroit Historical Museum has an interesting photo in their collection. It’s a group shot of the Detroit Rambler Bike Club from 1896. What makes it so unique is the Black bicyclist standing prominently in the center behind the club banner.

We shared this photo with Andrew Ritchie, author of Major Taylor: The Extraordinary Career of a Champion Bicycle Racer. He said, “Given the League of American Wheelmen Black-exclusion that had taken place officially in 1894, the Detroit club is definitely making a pointed statement.”

Black and white photo of 36 members of the Detroit Rambler Club (bicycle club). The members are standing on the steps of the Detroit City Hall with two bicycles (one single and one tandem) along with their club flag. Some of the club members are wearing sweaters that have the same logo that is shown on the club flag.

We have been trying to gain more information on this photo. Unfortunately the Historical Museum does not have the key identifying the club members.

However, it appears the Black bicyclist (#16) may be “Trainer Edwards” of the 1894 Rambler racing team, but that’s all we know so far. We have not been able to find an Edwards listed in either the 1890 or 1900 Census, nor is he in the 1895 Polk Directory.

#33 might be the 1894 team manager, George H. Formhals. Formhals is listed in the 1895 Polk Directory as the general manager for the Gormully & Jeffrey Manufacturing Company which made Rambler bikes in Chicago. They had a store at 1275 Woodward (formerly 201 Woodward), but the building is no longer there.

Rambler bikes were very popular in Detroit. Their 1895 advertisement claimed that one-eighth of all bikes in Detroit were Ramblers, but we haven’t verified that claim.

In 1896, Gormully & Jeffrey gave away gold souvenirs to those who rode 3,000 miles on a Rambler bike. Each week, riders would have to show their cyclometer to their local Rambler agent. The total miles ridden were tallied across the country.

Detroit won in a landslide and got the “$400 in gold” prize. The highest individual mileage was over 15,000 miles though we don’t know if that was a Detroiter.

The Detroit Historical Society does have a second Rambler group photo from 1896 with some riders in both images.

There are also records of a Rambler bike club in 1887, which would have been riding high wheelers. Louis “Birdie” Munger was a First Lietenant. Munger started his own bicycle company in Chicago, which led him to befriend, coach and support Major Taylor. It’s unclear if Munger’s involvement with that earlier club somehow influenced these later incarnations.

Sante Fe New Mexican, May 12, 1897

Rambler Automobiles?

There is a connection between the Rambler bikes and Rambler cars.

In 1900, Gormully & Jeffrey was sold to the American Bicycle Company. Thomas B. Jeffrey started a new company to make Rambler automobiles. In 1916, this new company was sold and became the Nash Motors Company, which in 1954, became part of the American Motors Corporation. Ramblers were built in the U.S. through 1969, and in Mexico through 1983.

Categories
Safety & Education

What’s a VRUSA and what does it say about Michigan?

A new report compares Michigan with five other Midwestern states.

Walking, accessibility, biking, and transit saw considerable improvements in policy and funding with the adoption of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law. An often overlooked piece of those legislative changes was the creation of a new document: the Vulnerable Road User Safety Assessment (VRUSA, also pronounced Ver-roo-suh, for short).

The VRUSA is a tool to evaluate how a state Department of Transportation (DOT) understands the issue of traffic violence among people who walk, roll, and bike. It also documents what state DOTs are doing to address and improve the safety of vulnerable road users. 

While every state is supposed to follow the same guidance from the Federal Highway Administration with developing their own VRUSA, that does not always look the same in practice. These documents are essentially self assessments — the onus is on states to evaluate themselves and their efforts. 

In creating their VRUSAs, each state needed to detail their efforts to protect vulnerable road users in five key areas:

  1. Overview of VRU Safety Performance – what trends exist in VRU crashes and what progress is the state DOT making to address this?
  2. Summary of Quantitative Analysis – what data and methodology did the state DOT use to identify high-risk areas of VRUs?
  3. Summary of Consultation – who did the state DOT consult with in the community and what solutions did these individuals or groups offer?
  4. Program of Projects or Strategies – what specific steps is the state DOT taking to reduce VRU crashes?
  5. Safe System Approach (SSA) – how was the Safe System Approach incorporated into the state DOT’s VRUSA?

The first major deadline for states to complete and submit their VRUSA was November 2023. After that, states are expected to update the document as part of their Strategic Highway Safety Plan update, which must be completed every five years. 

Thanks to funding from the RE-AMP Network, we were able to study this further in partnership with BikeWalkKC, 1000 Friends of Iowa, 1000 Friends of Wisconsin, Bike Cleveland and Transportation Riders United. We analyzed and compared the VRUSAs of Michigan and five other states and compiled our work into the findings below:

Click here to read the report: Comparing Vulnerable Road User Safety Assessments in the Midwest

The report covers three key areas:

  1. Ways that the Federal Highway Administration can strengthen its guidance on how state DOTs develop their VRUSAs,
  2. Details on how each state completed (or didn’t complete) the required parts of a VRUSA, and
  3. Recommendations on how those states can do more to support the needs of vulnerable road users in the future.

Additionally, the report makes recommendations for how each state DOT can do more to support the needs of vulnerable road users. What did this look like for Michigan?

  • MDOT’s program of projects and strategies should address the changes needed to make VRU safety a key criteria in road project funding prioritization (e.g. implementation of Virginia’s SMART SCALE program).
  • MDOT should identify existing projects and strategies that are a barrier to improving VRU safety.

In light of these points, the question becomes: “How can advocates in other states use this approach to push their state DOTs to do more for Vulnerable Road Users?” Examples include:

  • Draw attention to dangerous corridors. Use the report to highlight the dangers for people who walk, roll, and bike along corridors identified as harmful. Invite your state DOT staff and/or local media to do a walk audit along those corridors so they understand the challenges from the pedestrian perspective.
  • Share the VRUSA with local leaders. Make sure that the elected leaders and staff of communities that are overrepresented in your state’s VRUSA know and understand why their community is unsafe for vulnerable road users and what can be done to address it. That can help to strengthen your efforts to get the state DOT to do more.
  • Push state DOTs to take steps they have missed or ignored. What the VRUSA says or does not say is a reflection of what a state DOT has done or not done. Advocates can help the public understand that the poor safety outcomes may speak to the need for additional steps. In Missouri, for example, BikeWalkKC is using the VRUSA to push MoDOT to develop a statewide active transportation plan (one of only five states that has not taken this crucial step).

In publishing this report, we hope to demystify the Vulnerable Road User Safety Assessment for active transportation advocates across the country. The goal is to make it easier for people to understand what their state DOT is (or is not) doing for its most vulnerable road users. It serves as a tool to help people push their state DOTs to do better.

The fact that 54% of pedestrian fatalities occur on state-owned roads, according to the group Smart Growth America, means the VRUSA comes at a critical time in the fight for safer streets.

Streetsblog has also covered this report in Everything You Need to Know About Keeping Pedestrians and Bicyclists Safe In Your State, in One Document. It includes an interview with Michael Kelley of BikeWalkKC, who helped lead this project.

Two men in gray shirts with I bike KC standing in a colorful crosswalk with a church in the background
Categories
Complete Streets Safety & Education

World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims

The Detroit Greenways Coalition is joining communities around the world in observing the World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims, taking place on November 17th, 2024. This annual observance serves as an opportunity to honor the lives lost and affected by road traffic crashes, raise awareness about road safety, and advocate for safer, more sustainable transportation systems for all.

The Detroit Greenways Coalition, a non-profit organization dedicated to the expansion and improvement of the city’s network of safe walking, biking, and rolling pathways, recognizes the vital need for systemic change to prevent road traffic fatalities and injuries in Detroit and beyond. This day serves as a reminder of the human cost of unsafe roadways and underscores the importance of a holistic approach to transportation that prioritizes safety, equity, and environmental sustainability.

“We mourn the lives lost on our streets, and we stand with the families, friends, and communities who are affected by traffic violence,” said Todd Scott, Executive Director of the Detroit Greenways Coalition. “In Detroit, too many people are impacted by preventable crashes, and we are committed to advocating for policies and infrastructure that protect the most vulnerable road users, including pedestrians, cyclists, and people with disabilities.”

The World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims, which began in 1995, is observed in over 50 countries and calls for action on issues of road safety, justice for victims, and accountability for those who contribute to the epidemic of road traffic injuries and fatalities. In Detroit, the Coalition is amplifying its efforts to support Vision Zero goals—an initiative aimed at reducing all traffic fatalities to zero.

“We must work together to create safe streets that are designed for people, not just cars. We’re optimistic that the $62.5 million Detroit has received in Safe Streets for All funding will help address the most dangerous streets and intersections,” said Scott. “However, Detroit’s 1,285 road fatalities during the past decade (with nearly one-third being vulnerable road users) is a stark reminder that this work is far from done.”

Categories
Climate Action Safety & Education

Our MDOT Five-Year Transportation Plan comments

We submitted the below comments on MDOT’s 2025-2029 Five-Year Transportation Plan. This year we did not have any comments specific to Detroit projects within the plan. However, we did ask how this plan supports and helps meet MDOT’s Toward Zero Deaths goal and Governor Gretchen Whitmer’s Carbon Neutrality pledge. We’d note that the plan’s cover includes a photo of 14th Street construction in Corktopwn that removed the bike lanes.

Safety

The MDOT trunkline safety goal of zero fatalities and serious injuries by 2050 will not be met by reliance on “several safety initiatives and strategies.” (Page 23) We ask for a more sober assessment that this goal will not be achieved without fundamental changes in how MDOT prioritizes, funds and designs its trunklines while also making investments that encourage modeshift to public transit and active transportation. The latter is critically necessary for MDOT to reach its safety goal, yet we don’t see this mentioned in the plan, even in Public Transportation Program Impacts. (Page 19).

We ask that you show the required annual performance targets to get MDOT to zero by 2050. If you can project pavement and bridge condition through 2040 then there’s no reason why safety can’t be given this similar forward looking graph.

MDOT’s prioritization of safety is not apparent from the provided project list, including the proposed HSIP list. Is MDOT prioritizing safety projects in the high-injury network? By far, Wayne County has more trunkline fatalities and serious injuries than any other Michigan county, yet no proposed HSIP projects are listed for it.

Carbon Neutrality

This plan has a modest mention of MDOT’s Carbon Reduction Strategy (using a broken hyperlink) but doesn’t show how these strategies affect the provided project list. Do these projects reduce carbon emissions and will they get the state to carbon neutrality by 2050?

Similar to our safety comments, we want to see carbon emissions performance targets through 2050. We want to know where we are at today and what changes need to be made to get us to zero.

And as we noted earlier, modeshift to public transit and active transportation must be clearly called out in the plan as a fundamental safety and carbon neutrality strategy.

Categories
Complete Streets

Making Michigan Ave a Complete Street

  • MDOT completed a planning study in 2022 that recommends a significantly improved Complete Streets design for two miles of Michigan Avenue in Corktown.
  • This “Locally Acceptable Alternative” includes dedicated transit lanes, sidewalk-level bike lanes, shortened crosswalks, and a plan for reusing the historic bricks.
  • With construction about to start, some are opposing this improved design through a “Save the Bricks” petition.

CALL TO ACTION! Add you voice at MDOT’s community meeting on Thursday, September 12th, 4:30-7pm at the Gaelic League of Detroit, 2068 Michigan Ave in Corktown. A presentation is scheduled for 5:30pm.

PEL Study

From 2019 to 2022, MDOT completed a Planning and Environmental Linkages study for redesigning Michigan Avenue in Corktown. This study included four community meetings, four meetings with local businesses & stakeholders, and three with the State Historical Preservation Office (SHPO). It also invited public submissions for a redesigned Michigan Avenue using the Streetmix tool. Through this community engagement, the PEL produced a Purpose and Need Statement.

To create a corridor that promotes safe and equitable access to all forms of mobility and emerging technology along Michigan Avenue, while preserving the area’s unique character.

The study considered many street design alternatives that were then evaluated based on how well they met this statement. The evaluations along with additional community input led to a “Locally Acceptable Alternative” design.

All of this information is included in the study’s PEL report.

Completing this amount of community and stakeholder engagement and study makes projects more appealing for federal funding, which proved to be case here. Michigan Avenue was awarded a $25 million BUILD construction grant in 2022.

Save the Bricks?

This year, a Save the Bricks petition was promoted by the Corktown Business Association. “Join us in protecting our community’s heritage and ensuring transparency and proper planning.”

However, it was properly planned. Not only that, according to the PEL, MDOT met with the Cortown Business Association to discuss many of the issues raised in the petition, including saving the bricks.

Corktown Business Association (CBA) Meeting notes from PEL

The CBA shared particular concerns with the practical alternatives around removing mid-block left turns, maintaining brick street pavers, maintaining street parking, maintaining cultural events, and financial support to businesses during construction. These concerns were addressed through additional meetings. The mid-block left-turn removal concern was addressed through allowing for passenger vehicle u-turn movements at the signalized intersections. These u-turn movements are used in other center-running transit corridors across the country. The maintaining brick street pavers was not fully addressed through the placement of the new concrete brick pavers. CBA preference was for increased use of brick pavers in the roadway from Sixth Street all the way to Fourteenth Street. MDOT would not be able to fund and maintain the increased use of brick pavers in the roadway but would consider additional limits if the City of Detroit and a third party were willing to fund the construction and long-term maintenance of these additional improvements. Maintaining street parking was addressed through lane refinements that increased parking along the north side of the corridor and would keep the overall number of street parking spaces similar to existing. The concern about maintaining cultural events was addressed through the use of removable barriers between the dedicated transit lane and vehicle travel lanes. Cavnue would support temporary removal and replacement of the barriers so the entire eastbound direction of the corridor could be used for parades. The concern about financial support to businesses during construction was addressed by the City of Detroit through education on opportunities for self-funding solutions to support affected businesses and future support from the Detroit Economic Growth Corp. on best practices learned from recent city streetscape projects.

MDOT also met with the Corktown Historial Society to discuss the brick pavers.

Corktown Historical Society Meeting notes from PEL

The Corktown Historical Society was presented the locally acceptable alternative with additional context on public feedback from the community meetings and SHPO meetings related to the historic brick pavers. The reuse of the historic brick pavers outside the roadway was agreeable with suggestion of a potential continuous ribbon of brick behind the back of curb and potential reuse of broken bricks for local artists to use. The group preferred the use of more new brick pavers in the roadway throughout Corktown. There was comment that the approach to use in the historic districts near the east and west sides of the neighborhood would fragment the community. MDOT has limited resources to build and maintain the expensive brick infrastructure and will need to be strategic in where new pavers are placed in the roadway. The locations provide the historic look and feel at both ends of the neighborhood where the historic frontages remain mostly intact. Additional limits of brick pavers in the roadway would not be funded by the project but would be considered if there is city and stakeholder support to fund additional construction and long-term maintenance costs associated with the improvements.

Based on this feedback, the Locally Acceptable Alternative includes “new concrete brick road pavers in the historic districts, and historic brick pavers reused in extra sidewalk space throughout the corridor.”

This makes us wonder if this petition more about keeping vehicle four lanes. The petition incorrectly states that “Local businesses and residents were not consulted about reducing traffic lanes.”

We would note that the Avenue of Fashion underwent a similar and very successful road diet despite having 10,000 more daily vehicle trips than Michigan Avenue.

While some have expressed concerns about increased traffic, especially with the proposed soccer stadium, we ask how do we want to accommodate that traffic? Through better transit, biking, and walking or by just getting more people in cars?

Categories
Events

APBP comes to Detroit

By our reckoning, the last national bicycle conference in Detroit was in 1891 with the League of American Wheelmen. We weren’t overlooked; we just never applied for these conferences.

So, last year we submitted an application to bring the Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals conference to Motown. There’s obviously a lot happening here with greenways, Complete Streets and Bike Life — and APBP agreed.

We co-chaired an impressive planning committee along with the City of Detroit and SEMCOG. This committee put together the opening panel, chose the keynote speaker, selected the program, and developed numerous walking and biking tours.

Highlights included:

  • An opening “Welcome to Detroit” panel moderated by Council member Scott Benson with Karen Slaugher-DuPerry from the Detroit Riverfront Conservancy, Leona Medley from the Joe Louis Greenway Partnership, District 2 manager Kim Tandy, and Bo Wilson from Grown Men on Bikes.
  • Detroit-raised Nina Idemudia from the Center for Neighborhood Technology of Chicago giving a keynote speech, including her DDOT bus experiences of trying to get to school.
  • The City of Windsor providing bus transportation, bikes, and lunches for a tour south of the border.

While APBP set a goal of 300 attendees from across North America, we were able to attract 350. This included designers, engineers, advocates and officials from various cities and states, as well as the Federal Highway Administration. There was notable participation from the City of Detroit and MDOT, too.

By all measures, this conference was a major success and we look forward to bringing more to Detroit.

This time we won’t wait 133 years.

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